Git清空远程仓库与提交记录

背景

目前通过Git进行版本控制的软件源代码托管服务平台主要有github、gitlab、gitee等，相对于其他平台使用gitlab的公司偏多。一般情况下leader不会给我们添加删除仓库的权限，所以大多时候想要清理一个仓库还是有些困难。正常情况下一个远程仓库会一直使用，不会涉及到清空仓库和清空评论的，除非：

1. 远程仓库由于历史原因存在一些乱七八糟的文件；
2. 远程仓库中由于某次失误将生产环境中的账号密码进行了上传；
3. 远程仓库为测试仓库，需求不一样测试代码也不同，需要同步更新但是又不希望展示此前相关代码和提交记录；

新建测试仓库

测试仓库一共有三个分支分别是master，zhangsan_dev，common_dev，添加四个文件并提交五条commits为本文后续操作提供实验条件。

文章将介绍两种方式来清空远程仓库（remote repository）与历史提交记录（commits），不管采用哪种方式都建议操作之前删除master以外的其他分支。

解锁分支保护

需要特别注意的是：清空远程仓库和commit信息的过程中需要强推到master分支，需要暂时解除master分支保护，否则gitlab禁止push：

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git push -f origin master
Enumerating objects: 6, done.
Counting objects: 100% (6/6), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 547 bytes | 547.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
remote: GitLab: You are not allowed to force push code to a protected branch on this project.
To https://git.your_company_domain.com:9073/namespace/fast-dataset.git
 ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://git.your_company_domain.com:9073/namespace/fast-dataset.git'

清空远程仓库与提交记录

基于新分支清空远程仓库

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git branch -a
  common_dev
* master
  zhangsan_dev
  remotes/origin/common_dev
  remotes/origin/master
  remotes/origin/zhangsan_dev

1.新建分支

以master为基础创建一个名为target的新分支（新分支名字就定义为target而不是模糊举例），使用git checkout –orphan新建的分支是一个无历史提交记录的新分支。

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git checkout --orphan target
Switched to a new branch 'target'
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git log
fatal: your current branch 'target' does not have any commits yet

2.添加文件

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git add .

3.提交变更

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git commit -m 'Delete old repository and commits'
[target (root-commit) 4314afd] Delete old repository and commits
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Copyright.md
 create mode 100644 License.md
 create mode 100644 README.md
 create mode 100644 pom.xml

4.删除master本地分支

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git branch -D master 
Deleted branch master (was 6eeac7c).

5.重命名target为master分支

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git branch -m master

6.强制更新远程仓库

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git push -f origin master
Enumerating objects: 6, done.
Counting objects: 100% (6/6), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 547 bytes | 547.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 6 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
To https://git.your_company_domain.com:9073/namespace/fast-dataset.git
 + 6eeac7c...4314afd master -> master (forced update)

从WebUI上可以看到远程仓库已经被清空，commit同时变成了一条符合预期。

基于原分支清空远程仓库

1.删除所有文件

将远程仓库clone到本地后，需要删除本地仓库所有文件并将变更提交到远程仓库，这一步只会清空仓库并不会对提交记录产生影响。

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] ls
Copyright.md License.md   README.md    pom.xml
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] rm -fr *

2.推送变更记录

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git add .
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git commit -m 'Delete all files from repository'                    
[master bfea96d] Delete all files from repository
 4 files changed, 4 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 Copyright.md
 delete mode 100644 License.md
 delete mode 100644 README.md
 delete mode 100644 pom.xml
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git push                                        
Enumerating objects: 3, done.
Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (1/1), done.
Writing objects: 100% (2/2), 207 bytes | 207.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 2 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
To https://git.your_company_domain.com:9073/namespace/fast-dataset.git
   83818d3..bfea96d  master -> master

3.初始化.git并新增文件

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] rm -fr .git
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git init
hint: Using 'master' as the name for the initial branch. This default branch name
hint: is subject to change. To configure the initial branch name to use in all
hint: of your new repositories, which will suppress this warning, call:
hint: 
hint:   git config --global init.defaultBranch <name>
hint: 
hint: Names commonly chosen instead of 'master' are 'main', 'trunk' and
hint: 'development'. The just-created branch can be renamed via this command:
hint: 
hint:   git branch -m <name>
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/w3sun/project/fast-dataset/.git/
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] vi README.md

4.提交变更清空记录

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git add .
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git commit -m 'Delete remote repository commits'     
[master (root-commit) d2d7386] Delete remote repository commits
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 README.md
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git remote add origin https://git.your_company_domain.com:9073/namespace/fast-dataset.git
[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git push -f --set-upstream origin master
Enumerating objects: 3, done.
Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 238 bytes | 238.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
To https://git.your_company_domain.com:9073/namespace/fast-dataset.git
 + bfea96d...d2d7386 master -> master (forced update)
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.

上述方式同样可以清空远程仓库和历史commit，效果和第一种是一样的，实际工作中可以根据实际情况决定采用哪种方式。

其他问题

1.There is no tracking information for the current branch.

[w3sun@w3sundeMacBook-Pro ~] git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/master master #本地关联远程分支即可

参考资料

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